Momordica charantia is a plant species from the Cucurbitaceae family that grows in tropical climates and is used as food and medicine. The fruit, all parts and juice of which are very bitter, is green when raw, orange-red when ripe, 10-20 cm long, shaped like a large shuttle. It has an indented, ridged and rough surface. When ripe, the shell is bent back to reveal numerous red, brown or white seeds. The seeds (kernels) are 7-10 mm long, flat and rough. The fruits and leaves are rich in minerals and vitamins and contain iron, calcium, phosphorus and B vitamins.

St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum), also known as St. John's wort, Swordwort, Mayas grass and Sheep's foot, is a species of plant in the St. John's wort family (Hypericaceae). It is mainly found in many parts of the world. In Europe, it grows spontaneously in fields, roadsides and forest edges, but it has adapted to North America and has started to grow naturally in the countryside. During the flowering period, the flowers and buds or all the above-ground parts of the plant are collected and used immediately after drying. It has long been used in Europe for the treatment of mental disorders and is very popular in the USA. Compounds such as hypericin and pseudohypericin are characteristic constituents of the plant, constituting 0.05-0.3% of the plant.

Calendula, Calendula officinalis , pot marigold, common marigold, ruddles or Scottish marigold, is a flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. The leaves and pollen of calendula contain triterpenoid esters and the carotenoids flavoxanthin and auroxanthin (antioxidants and source of yellow-orange coloration). Leaves and stems contain other carotenoids, mostly lutein (80%), zeaxanthin (5%) and beta-carotene. It is also widely used by cosmetics due to the presence of compounds such as saponins, resins and essential oils.